The Presidential Race
As Election Day approaches, many Americans are paying close attention to the issues that affect them as individuals and as a nation. This month, the MarcoGram presents activities and lessons to help students understand the roles and responsibilities of the president and other elected officials, as well as the democratic process that gets them into office. Use the warm-up activities below to introduce your students to the issues surrounding this year's election, then scroll down for more links and resources on this topic.

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Warm-up Activities
 

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1. Having an opinion and being able to express that opinion freely are basic rights granted in a democratic society. Students of all ages like to voice their opinion on issues that are important to them, ranging from favorite pizza toppings and style of clothing to wildlife conservation and nuclear disarmament.

Students can express their opinions by holding a mock election on an issue relevant to their school environment. For example, what new pizza topping should be introduced into the cafeteria menu? Separate the class into groups and have each group choose a favorite topping (or assign toppings). Groups should use ReadWriteThink's Printing Press interactive to create colorful flyers supporting their topping as the "best" choice. Flyers should include drawings or photographs of the topping, nutritional information and persuasive words, phrases and quotes. Post the flyers along with ballot boxes in the hallway or other common area, and encourage other classes to vote for their favorite toppings. As you tally up the final scores, use the opportunity to represent the data in a line, circle or bar graph.

Experience the voting process first-hand in:

"Voting! What's It All About?" (3-5) from ReadWriteThink, International Reading Association and the National Council of Teachers of English
  "What Is Your Favorite?" (3-5) from Illuminations, The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics


Image of gold bullion courtesy of Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division (Digital ID: cph 3c32186).
 
2. In an election year, each candidate's plan for the nation's economy is carefully scrutinized. Candidates often present different plans for allocating funds for national defense, foreign affairs, social security, education, transportation and research.

Have each student review a candidate's economic policy as posted on official campaign websites, found by searching on the candidate's name through Yahooligans, a kid-friendly search engine.(Note: While there are many presidential candidates representing different parties, you may choose to divide the class into two groups and restrict the discussion to the Democratic and Republican parties.) Mediate a classroom discussion about the major points of each economic plan, posing the following questions to the class: To what areas or programs will your candidates allot the most federal funds? What programs might see their funding cut? Do you agree or disagree with your candidate's economic plan? Which candidate do you think has the most feasible plan?

Discover how experts examine different economic policies in:

"What Do You Get for Your $1,800,000,000,000?" (9-12) from EconEdLink, National Council on Economic Education

 
 
3. Being president can be a tough job. A president has a lot of responsibility and often listens to a group of advisors before making final decisions. Good communication is key, and feedback from citizens is one way a president can understand the effectiveness of his or her decisions.

Would you want to be president? What would you do if you were president for a day? What laws or rules would you make?

Ask students to prepare a letter to the president. (This activity can be completed before or after the presidential election.) In the letters, students should describe what they would do if they were president for a day. Encourage students to include some biographical information about themselves and drawings of their families or school. Package all letters in one envelope, and include a cover letter with the teacher's name, the grade of the students and the school's mailing address. Visit the White House Web site for further information about mailing the letters to the president.

Learn more about the daily life of the president of the United States in:

"Before and Beyond the Constitution: The President Under the Articles of Confederation" (6-8) from EDSITEment, National Endowment for the Humanities
  "The President's Roles and Responsibilities: Communicating with the President" (K-2) from EDSITEment, National Endowment for the Humanities
  "What Happens in the White House?" (3-5) from EDSITEment, National Endowment for the Humanities

 
 
4. Typically, science does not take center stage in presidential campaigns, but many candidates will express their position when asked. One issue that has generated some interest and debate during this year's presidential election is research on human embryonic stem cells.

Have students explore the scientific and ethical issues surrounding stem-cell research or any other scientific endeavor. Students should use newspaper, magazine or Internet resources to identify where this year's presidential candidates stand on the topic. This is an excellent activity to help students examine the validity of differing viewpoints as presented in various news sources. On what scientific evidence do the candidates base their opinions? With which candidate's opinion do the students agree? Ask students to write a short report about their findings and indicate which candidate they support and why.

Explore the latest breakthroughs in scientific research in:

"Extracting DNA" (9-12) from Science NetLinks, American Association for the Advancement of Science
  "Points of View in the News" (6-8) from Xpeditions, National Geographic Society
  "Seeing the World Through the News" (3-5) from Xpeditions, National Geographic Society
  "Technological Advances in Health" (9-12) from Science NetLinks, American Association for the Advancement of Science

Featured Lessons
Use these standards-based Partner lessons in your K-12 classroom.

"Before and Beyond the Constitution: The President Under the Articles of Confederation" (6-8)
EDSITEment, National Endowment for the Humanities
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson370.aspx
Students discuss the powers and responsibilities of the president as defined by the Articles of Confederation.

"Developing Inferential Comprehension Through DL-TA and Discussion Webs" (3-5)
ReadWriteThink, International Reading Association and the National Council of Teachers of English
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson365.aspx
As part of a Directed Listening-Thinking Activity (DL-TA), students participate in before, during and after reading activities as they read Margaree King Mitchell's Grandaddy's Gift -- a story in which a grandfather must pass a test before being allowed to vote.

"Extracting DNA" (9-12)
Science NetLinks, American Association for the Advancement of Science
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson371.aspx
Students develop an understanding of DNA by modeling the process of DNA extraction.

"Organizations That Create Change" (5-8)
ARTSEDGE, The John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson367.aspx
Students explore the function of organizations in our society and how groups of individuals can effect social change.

"Points of View in the News" (6-8)
Xpeditions, National Geographic Society
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson361.aspx
Students read articles from National Geographic News and answer questions describing each article's source, purpose and viewpoint.

"President Bush's Allowance" (3-5)
EconEdLink, National Council on Economic Education
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson373.aspx
Students learn about the government and taxation to determine how the federal government should spend tax revenue for our country.

"Seeing the World Through the News" (3-5)
Xpeditions, National Geographic Society
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson362.aspx
Students read news articles about recent geographic and environmental developments and pinpoint the cited locations on maps.

"Songs from the Past" (5-8)
ARTSEDGE, The John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson368.aspx
Students explore historical songs and analyze lyrics in order to learn about historical times and happenings.

"Technological Advances in Health" (9-12)
Science NetLinks, American Association for the Advancement of Science
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson372.aspx
Students examine the benefits and risks of different biotechnological advances.

"The President's Roles and Responsibilities: Communicating with the President" (K-2)
EDSITEment, National Endowment for the Humanities
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson375.aspx
Students learn about the roles and responsibilities of the U.S. president and their own roles as citizens of a democracy.

"Voting! What's It All About?" (3-5)
ReadWriteThink, International Reading Association and the National Council of Teachers of English
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson366.aspx
This lesson touches on the history of voting, voting as a civil right and current elections, while asking students to explore the difference between fact and opinion.

"What Do You Get for Your $1,800,000,000,000?" (9-12)
EconEdLink, National Council on Economic Education
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson374.aspx
Students use spreadsheets to compare federal income and expenditure patterns over two years.

"What Happens in the White House?" (3-5)
EDSITEment, National Endowment for the Humanities
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson369.aspx
Students learn about activities that take place at the White House. This lesson is part of an overarching curriculum unit about the White House.

"What Is Your Favorite?" (3-5)
Illuminations, The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson363.aspx
Students vote on their favorite foods and then use an interactive graphing program to represent the data in line plots and circle graphs.

"Will the Best Candidate Win?" (9-12)
Illuminations, The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson364.aspx
Students learn about various voting methods, ways in which the methods can be manipulated to achieve certain outcomes, and the impossibility of fair elections when more than two alternatives are available.

 


Partner-Reviewed Web Sites
Use these Partner-reviewed and approved resources to increase comprehension about this month's topic.

American Museum of the Moving Image
Reviewed by ReadWriteThink
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/website151.aspx

Canadian Museum of Nature: The GEEE! in Genome
Reviewed by Science NetLinks
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/website153.aspx

National Archives: Designs for Democracy
Reviewed by ARTSEDGE
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/website152.aspx

National Geographic News
Reviewed by Xpeditions
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/website149.aspx

Polls: What Do the Numbers Tell Us?
Reviewed by Illuminations
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/website150.aspx

POTUS: Presidents of the United States
Reviewed by EDSITEment
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/website155.aspx

The White House: Economic Statistics Briefing Room
Reviewed by EconEdLink
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/website154.aspx
Search for more lessons and resources

 


MarcoPolo Resource
Use this interactive resource from the MarcoPolo Consortium as you explore this month's topic. 
 
Teachers and students can use ReadWriteThink's interactive Printing Press to produce newspapers, brochures, flyers or booklets. Choose from several templates to publish class newspapers, informational brochures and flyers promoting class events. The interactive templates allow students to insert original text and then customize font size and color. To complete the design, photographs and drawings can be glued or stapled onto the final printed pieces.
 
 
Printing Press
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/resource25.aspx

 
 
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Catch Up with the MarcoGram
September 2004: Cycles of Change 
August 2004: Exploring Ancient Greece 
July 2004: Touring the National Parks 
Read more back issues

 


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